20 Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPD)
https://www.cdc.gov/pneumococcal/
20.1 Epidemiologic Review
20.1.1 Disease Information
Overview: Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPD) is an invasive bacterial infection and is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia is the U.S.
Symptoms: Symptoms typically include an abrupt onset of fever, chills, chest pain, cough, difficulty breathing, and weakness.
Transmission: Transmission occurs person-to-person through contact with respiratory droplets and secretions.
Treatment: Appropriate treatment is with antibiotics, however antibiotic resistance is increasing. Antibiotic susceptibility testing is encouraged to identify the correct antibiotic for successful treatment.
Prevention The best prevention method is vaccination.
20.1.2 Demographics
Rates for 1-4 and 5-17 years of age are not displayed due low case counts.
| Race | Rate per 100k |
|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 35.2 |
| Black or African American | <5 cases |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 35.3 |
| Other Race | 8.5 |
| Two or More Races | <5 cases |
| Unknown | <5 cases |
| White | 9.9 |
| Asian | <5 cases |
American Indian or Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander people experienced a far higher rate of SPD than other populations.
Rates for Black or African American, Asian, Two or More Races, and Unknown Race groups are not displayed due low case counts.
| Ethnicity | Rate per 100k |
|---|---|
| Hispanic or Latino | 9.9 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 8.9 |
| Unknown | <5 cases |
Rates for Unknown Ethnicity are not displayed due to low case counts.
20.1.4 Monthly and Historical Comparisons
Data for Utah and the CDC were retrieved from the CDC’s Notifiable Infectious Disease Data Tables and were available up until 2020. National data was not available for this disease in the time range at time of report.