8 Salmonellosis
https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/index.html
8.1 Epidemiologic Review
8.1.1 Disease Information
Overview: Salmonellosis is an infectious disease caused by the Salmonella bacteria. It is one of the most common causes of diarrheal illness in the U.S.
Symptoms: Common symptoms include diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps between 12 to 72 hours after infection.
Transmission: Transmission occurs by eating or drinking contaminated food or water. Salmonella bacteria is also spread by direct contact with an infected person or animal.
Treatment: Most cases recover without treatment. However, small children, the elderly, and those with severe diarrhea should see a doctor for treatment options.
Prevention Prevention methods include washing hands after contact with animals and before eating, drinking only pasteurized milk, avoiding untreated water, and cooking food to temperature.
8.1.2 Demographics
| Race | Rate per 100k |
|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | <5 cases |
| Asian | <5 cases |
| Black or African American | 30.4 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | <5 cases |
| Other Race | 11 |
| Unknown | <5 cases |
| White | 13.5 |
| Two or More Races | <5 cases |
Rates for Black or African American were twice as high as the rates for the overall population average.
Rates for American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, Two or More Races, Asian, and Unknown Race groups are not displayed due low case counts.
| Ethnicity | Rate per 100k |
|---|---|
| Hispanic or Latino | 10.7 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 12.1 |
| Unknown | <5 cases |
Rates for Unknown Ethnicity are not displayed due to low case counts.
8.1.3 Outbreaks
Six outbreaks of salmonellosis were reported or included cases from Salt Lake County. Five of these were national outbreaks, meaning that there were cases with a common exposure across the nation. The sixth outbreak was a statewide outbreak, meaning that there were cases with a common exposure across Utah. This statewide outbreak involved a total of ten cases including three hospitalizations.
8.1.4 Monthly and Historical Comparisons
2022 had the the highest rate of salmonellosis in the previous 5 years.
Data for Utah and the CDC were retrieved from the CDC’s Notifiable Infectious Disease Data Tables and were available up until 2020. National data was not available for this disease in the time range at time of report.